Numerical modelling of osteocyte growth on different bone tissue scaffolds

骨细胞 脚手架 生物医学工程 材料科学 剪应力 生物反应器 骨整合 再生(生物学) 组织工程 骨生长 细胞生长 化学 成骨细胞 复合材料 细胞生物学 植入 医学 生物 外科 内科学 有机化学 体外 生物化学
作者
Concepción Paz,Eduardo Suárez,C. Gil,Oscar Parga
出处
期刊:Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering [Informa]
卷期号:25 (6): 641-655 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1080/10255842.2021.1972290
摘要

The most common solution for the regeneration or replacement of damaged bones is the implantation of prostheses comprising ceramic or metallic materials. However, these implants are known to cause problems such as post-operative infections, collapse of the prosthesis, and lack of osseointegration. Consequently, bone tissue engineering was established because of the limitations of such implants. Osteogenic implants offer promising solutions for bone regeneration; however, three-dimensional scaffolds should be used as supportive structures. It is challenging to correctly design these structures and their compositions or properties to provide a microenvironment that promotes tissue regeneration and expedites bone formation. Computational fluid dynamics can be used to model the main phenomena that occur in bioreactors, such as cell metabolism, nutrient transport, and cell culture growth, or to model the influence of several key mechanisms related to the fluid medium, in particular, the wall shear stress. In this work, a new numerical bone cell growth model was developed, which considered the oxygen and nutrient consumption as well as the wall shear stress effect on cell proliferation. The model was implemented using 35 three-dimensional scaffolds of different porosities, and the effect of the main geometrical parameters involved in each scaffold type was analysed. The porosity plays an important role, however, a similar porosity did not guarantee similar shear stress or cell growth among the scaffolds. Randomised trabecular scaffolds, that more closely resembled trabecular bone, showed the highest cell growth values, so these are the best candidates for cell growth in a bioreactor.
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