Artificial Intelligence and Lung Pathology

This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in lung pathology, particularly in the diagnosis of lung cancer. It discusses various AI models designed to support pathologists and clinicians. AI models supporting pathologists are to standardize diagnosis, score PD-L1 status, supporting tumor cellularity count, and indicating explainability for pathologic judgements. Several models predict outcomes beyond pathologic diagnosis and predict clinical outcomes like patients’ survival and molecular alterations. The manuscript emphasizes the potential of AI to enhance accuracy and efficiency in pathology, while also addressing the challenges and future directions for integrating AI into clinical practice.