Electrocatalytic stability of two-dimensional materials

In electrocatalysis, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted extensive interests due to their unique electronic structure and physical properties. In recent years, many efforts have been devoted to improving the catalytic activity of 2D materials. However, the stability of 2D materials under catalytic conditions, as a critical issue, requires better understanding for any practical applications. This review summarizes recent progress in electrocatalytic stability of 2D materials, including four intrinsic factors that affect the stability of 2D materials: 1. Weak interactions between 2D catalyst and substrate; 2. delamination of 2D catalyst layers; 3. metastable phase of 2D materials; 4. chemistry and environmental instability of 2D materials. Meanwhile, some corresponding solutions are summarized for each factor. In addition, this review proposes potential routes for developing 2D catalytic materials with both high activity and stability.