二氧化碳
地球大气中的二氧化碳
环境科学
全球变暖
大气科学
气候学
火山
气候变化
温室效应
海洋学
地质学
生态学
地震学
生物
作者
James E. Hansen,Daniel E. Johnson,Andrew A. Lacis,S. Lebedeff,P. Lee,David Rind,Gary L. Russell
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:1981-08-28
卷期号:213 (4511): 957-966
被引量:922
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.213.4511.957
摘要
The global temperature rose by 0.2 degrees C between the middle 1960's and 1980, yielding a warming of 0.4 degrees C in the past century. This temperature increase is consistent with the calculated greenhouse effect due to measured increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Variations of volcanic aerosols and possibly solar luminosity appear to be primary causes of observed fluctuations about the mean trend of increasing temperature. It is shown that the anthropogenic carbon dioxide warming should emerge from the noise level of natural climate variability by the end of the century, and there is a high probability of warming in the 1980's. Potential effects on climate in the 21st century include the creation of drought-prone regions in North America and central Asia as part of a shifting of climatic zones, erosion of the West Antarctic ice sheet with a consequent worldwide rise in sea level, and opening of the fabled Northwest Passage.
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