Stable Na plating/stripping electrochemistry realized by a 3D Cu current collector with thin nanowires

Current collectors have a significant role in Na plating and stripping. Here we demonstrate that a three-dimensional (3D) Cu current collector with thin nanowires (<40 nm) can significantly promote the electrochemical deposition stability of Na via tuning a Na metal plating model, therefore contributing to a high efficiency, long lifespan, and low overpotential during electrode/battery cycling.