The effect of maize–alfalfa intercropping on the physiological characteristics, nitrogen uptake and yield of maize

间作 单作 农学 生物 人类受精 作物 种植制度 肥料 蒸腾作用 作物产量 农业 光合作用 种植 植物 生态学
作者
Jamal Nasar,Zeqiang Shao,Adnan Arshad,Jones Feyisike Gbolayori,Shaomin Liu,C. Li,Muhammad Zubair Khan,Tahmina Khan,John S. K. Banda,Xun Bo Zhou,Q. Gao
出处
期刊:Plant Biology [Wiley]
卷期号:22 (6): 1140-1149 被引量:45
标识
DOI:10.1111/plb.13157
摘要

Abstract In Northeastern China, the intensive cropping system and increased use of chemical fertilizer has caused severe problems in terms of sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, to improve agricultural sustainability and crop productivity the farming system needs to be modified in the region. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of maize–alfalfa intercropping on the physiological characteristics, nitrogen (N) uptake and yield of the maize crops in northeast China in 2017–2018. The study findings showed that intercropping under N fertilization progressively improved the physio‐agronomic indices of the maize crop as compared to mono‐cropping. The grain yield, 100 seed weight and biomass dry matter of maize crop improved in intercropping when it was practiced with N fertilizer. Furthermore, intercropping with N fertilization increased the chlorophyll content of the maize crop at bell‐mouthed, silking, filing and mature stages by 19%, 44%, 12%, and 9% in 2017 and by 23%, 43%, 15%, and 11% in 2018, respectively, as compared with the monocropping system. Unlike monocropping, intercropping with N fertilization increased the photosynthesis rate (14% and 15%), stomatal conductance (74% and 98%) and transpiration rate (74% and 75%) in 2017 and 2018, respectively. However, intercropping reduced intercellular CO 2 ( C i ). Moreover, intercropping with N fertilization increased the maize N content of grain and leaves as well as total N uptake by 49%, 31% and 93% in 2017 and 53%, 34% and 132%, respectively, in 2018 as compared to monocropping. In conclusion, our results suggest that maize–alfalfa intercropping with optimal N fertilization provides a practical method for improving growth, yield and N accumulation in the maize crop.
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