Boosting the ultrahigh initial coulombic efficiency of porous carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteriesvia in situfabrication of a passivation interface

In this study we have prepared a nitrogen and oxygen rich porous carbon material (NOPC) and designed a uniform passivation layer of CMC on the material by using a one-step method, which suppresses the decomposition of electrolytes and results in an excellent ICE of 90%.