Effects of Retrograde Colonic Enema Based Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in the Treatment of Childhood Constipation: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Trial

Management of intractable childhood constipation is still challenging. The efficacy of retrograde colonic enema (RCE) with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in intractable childhood constipation has not been established, although both have demonstrated potential in gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of RCE-based FMT in the treatment of intractable constipation in children.