Affective and cognitive validation of thoughts: An appraisal perspective on anger, disgust, surprise, and awe.

Anger, disgust, surprise, and awe are multi-faceted emotions.Both anger and disgust are associated with feeling unpleasant as well as experiencing a sense of confidence, whereas surprise and awe tend to be relatively more pleasant emotions that are associated with doubt.Most prior work has examined how appraisals (confidence, pleasantness) lead people to experience different emotions or to experience different levels of intensity within the same emotion.Instead, the current studies focused on the consequences (rather the antecedents) of appraisals of emotion, and it focuses on the consequences for thought usage (rather than the the consequences for generating more or less thoughts).We show that when these four emotions are induced following thought generation, thoughts can be used more or less with each emotion depending on whether the pleasantness/unpleasantness or confidence/doubt appraisal is made salient.In five experiments, it was predicted and found that anger and disgust following thought generation led to more thought use than surprise and awe when a confidence appraisal for the emotion was encouraged, but led to less thought use than surprise and awe when a pleasantness appraisal was made salient.The current studies are the first ones revealing that different appraisals can lead to different (even opposite) outcomes on thought usage within the same experimental design.