A review on recent synthetic routes and computational approaches for antibody drug conjugation developments used in anti-cancer therapy

In recent years, antibody-drug conjugates therapy (ADCs) is the most promising way for cancer treatments, which is applied for personalized cancer medication. ADCs are the combination of high cytotoxic drug (payloads) molecules, conjugated with a tumour selective monoclonal antibody (mAb). These mAbs are used to target over expressed antigens on tumour cells than on normal cells. Synthetic ADCs payloads improves the drug safety profile by increasing therapeutic index in clinical practice for its higher target selectivity. In this review, route of chemical synthesis of recently used diverse ADCs containing payloads are discussed with strategies to explore the designing part used for the development of new payload conjugates with antibody susceptibility (by reducing antigenicity) for treating cancer patients. We also focused on recent advancements using computational approaches for neo-antigen target selection and identification, web-based resources availabilities, selection and identification of cytotoxic payloads, linkers, ADC conjugations with their advantages and disadvantages and various types of molecular modelling approaches with online tools/databases available, for designing new ADCs.