Manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanostructures for cancer theranostics

Over the past decade, transition metal-based ferrite nanostructures, displaying MFe2O4 stoichiometry (M2+ cations, e.g., Mn, Co, Ni and Zn), have been devised and examined primarily owing to their promising applications in cancer nanomedicine. Among these multi-functional spinel ferrites, manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) deserves special attention because it unveils exciting magnetic properties, high chemical stability, and excellent biocompatibility, which are crucial prerequisites for advanced biomedical applications in solving real-world clinical problems. This review addresses MnFe2O4 nanostructures, including their numerous synthesis approaches, detailed physicochemical properties, surface functionalization strategies, cytotoxicity kinetics, along with a particular emphasis on their potential applications in advanced cancer care. Herein, we discuss diverse features of MnFe2O4 nanostructures, demonstrating both spherical and anisotropic morphologies and networks as futuristic cancer theranostic agents for efficient employment in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic hyperthermia and targeted drug delivery in a safe, targeted and cost-efficient manner. Finally, future research trends and applications of MnFe2O4 nanostructures are also recommended and examined.