Improving the aeration of critical fine-grained landfill top cover material by vegetation to increase the microbial methane oxidation efficiency

甲烷厌氧氧化 甲烷 渗滤液 堆肥 曝气 环境科学 环境化学 淤泥 化学 农学 地质学 生物 古生物学 有机化学
作者
Sonja Bohn,Paul Brunke,Julia Gebert,Johannes Jager
出处
期刊:Waste Management [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:31 (5): 854-863 被引量:35
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.11.009
摘要

The natural methane oxidation potential of methanotrophic bacteria in landfill top covers is a sustainable and inexpensive method to reduce methane emissions to the atmosphere. Basically, the activity of methanotrophic bacteria is limited by the availability of oxygen in the soil. A column study was carried out to determine whether and to what extent vegetation can improve soil aeration and maintain the methane oxidation process. Tested soils were clayey silt and mature compost. The first soil is critical in light of surface crusting due to vertical erosion of an integral part of fine-grained material, blocking pores required for the gas exchange. The second soil, mature compost, is known for its good methane oxidation characteristics, due to high air-filled porosity, favorable water retention capacity and high nutrient supply. The assortment of plants consisted of a grass mixture, Canadian goldenrod and a mixture of leguminous plants. The compost offered an excellent methane oxidation potential of 100% up to a CH4-input of 5.6 l CH4 m−2 h−1. Whereas the oxidation potential was strongly diminished in the bare control column filled with clayey silt even at low CH4-loads. By contrast the planted clayey silt showed an increased methane oxidation potential compared to the bare column. The spreading root system forms secondary macro-pores, and hence amplifies the air diffusivity and sustain the oxygen supply to the methanotrophic bacteria. Water is produced during methane oxidation, causing leachate. Vegetation reduces the leachate by evapotranspiration. Furthermore, leguminous plants support the enrichment of soil with nitrogen compounds and thus improving the methane oxidation process. In conclusion, vegetation is relevant for the increase of oxygen diffusion into the soil and subsequently enhances effective methane oxidation in landfill cover soils.
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