Emerging Trends in Porogens toward Material Fabrication: Recent Progresses and Challenges

制作 材料科学 纳米技术 陶瓷 多孔性 工艺工程 复合材料 工程类 医学 病理 替代医学
作者
D. Shanthana Lakshmi,K. Radha,Roberto Castro‐Muñoz,M. Tańczyk
出处
期刊:Polymers [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:14 (23): 5209-5209 被引量:18
标识
DOI:10.3390/polym14235209
摘要

Fabrication of tailor-made materials requires meticulous planning, use of technical equipments, major components and suitable additives that influence the end application. Most of the processes of separation/transport/adsorption have environmental applications that demands a material to be with measurable porous nature, stability (mechanical, thermal) and morphology. Researchers say that a vital role is played by porogens in this regard. Porogens (i.e., synthetic, natural, mixed) and their qualitative and quantitative influence on the substrate material (polymers (bio, synthetic), ceramic, metals, etc.) and their fabrication processes are summarized. In most cases, porogens critically influence the morphology, performance, surface and cross-section, which are directly linked to material efficiency, stability, reusability potential and its applications. However, currently there are no review articles exclusively focused on the porogen pores’ role in material fabrication in general. Accordingly, this article comprises a review of the literature on various types of porogens, their efficiency in different host materials (organic, inorganic, etc.), pore size distribution (macro, micro and nano), their advantages and limitations, to a certain extent, and their critical applications. These include separation, transport of pollutants, stability improvement and much more. The progress made and the remaining challenges in porogens’ role in the material fabrication process need to be summarized for researcher’s attention.
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