[Clinical effect of Zhang's super tension-relieving suture for high-tension wound closure].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Zhang's super tension-relieving suture applied in high-tension wound closure. Methods: From January to August 2019, 19 eligible patients with scar or black hairy nevus were treated with Zhang's super tension-relieving suture for outpatient operation in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The patients were composed of 6 males and 13 females, aged 10-68 years, with 8 keloids, 3 hypertrophic scars, 5 atrophic scars, and 3 black hairy nevus. The operation sites included lower jaw in 2 cases, neck in 3 cases, chest in 4 cases, abdomen in 2 cases, and limbs in 8 cases. The size of scars and black hairy nevus before surgery ranged from 1.4 cm×1.1 cm to 10.0 cm×4.0 cm. All the lesions underwent excision alone with both sides of the incision undermined for 1 to 2 cm, and the wound size ranged from 2.6 cm×2.6 cm to 12.6 cm×6.8 cm. Zhang's super tension-relieving suture was applied with barbed suture, and the wound edges were naturally jointed with relaxation and low tension by pushing normal skin on both sides to the middle. Two patients with keloids underwent superficial radiotherapy within 24-hour interval after the surgery, with a total of 20 Gy delivered in 4 times, once a day. All the patients were followed up at outpatient clinics, with tension-relieving duration and adverse effects recorded. Six months after operation, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used to evaluate scar appearance, while scar width and recurrence were recorded. Results: All the wounds of 19 patients healed completely after surgeries. Two patients experienced transient hyperpigmentation at puncture points and recovered without intervention, and one of them had hypertrophic scar at the puncture point, which was relieved after intralesional injections of corticosteroids. One patient underwent transient erythema, dry desquamation, and hyperpigmentation after radiotherapy, which recovered without intervention. Follow-up time ranged from 7.1 to 13.6 months, with an average of 9.6 months. Tension-relieving duration ranged from 4 to 26 weeks, with an average of 11.2 weeks. Two patients underwent Zhang's super tension-relieving suture again 8 weeks after operation due to their short tension-relieving duration which lasted for only 4 weeks after the first suture. Six months after operation, liner scars were achieved in all the patients with an average width of 2.2 mm (0.8 to 7.0 mm) and an average VSS score of 2.1 points (1.0 to 4.3 points). Three keloid patients had local recurrence 3 months after surgery for not receiving radiotherapy, which was obviously relieved following laser treatment in combination with intralesional injections of corticosteroids and 5-fluorouracil, etc. Conclusions: Zhang's super tension-relieving suture technique with barbed suture is able to effectively relieve the tension on wound edges, extend the tension-relieving duration, and reduce the hypertrophic scar risk when applied in high-tension wound.目的： 探讨章氏超减张缝合应用于高张力创面闭合中的临床效果。 方法： 2019年1—8月，19例瘢痕或黑毛痣患者于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院整复外科接受门诊手术，患者皮肤条件适宜，对其进行章氏超减张缝合。患者中男6例、女13例，年龄10～68岁，瘢痕疙瘩8例、增生性瘢痕3例、萎缩性瘢痕5例、黑毛痣3例。手术部位涉及下颌2例、颈部3例、胸部4例、腹部2例、四肢8例。术前瘢痕、黑毛痣面积1.4 cm×1.1 cm～10.0 cm×4.0 cm。所有病损均单纯手术切除，于切口两侧游离1～2 cm，术中创面面积2.6 cm×2.6 cm～12.6 cm×6.8 cm。使用倒刺线进行章氏超减张缝合，向中间推进两侧正常皮肤使创缘自然贴合并处于松弛低张力状态。2例瘢痕疙瘩患者于术后24 h内接受总剂量20 Gy浅层放射治疗，分4次完成，每天1次。术后门诊随访记录不良反应及减张作用维持时间，术后6个月采用温哥华瘢痕量表评估瘢痕外观，记录瘢痕宽度和复发情况。 结果： 19例患者创面术后全部愈合。2例患者穿皮点出现一过性色素沉着后自行好转，其中1例患者出现局部穿皮点瘢痕增生，予以局部曲安奈德注射后缓解。1例行放射治疗患者出现一过性红斑、干性脱屑、色素沉着，后自行好转。随访7.1～13.6个月，平均9.6个月。减张作用维持4～26周，平均11.2周。2例患者减张作用维持4周，于术后8周再次行章氏超减张缝合。术后6个月，19例患者瘢痕均呈线状，温哥华瘢痕量表评分1.0～4.3分，平均2.1分；瘢痕宽度0.8～7.0 mm，平均2.2 mm。3例瘢痕疙瘩术后未行放射治疗患者术后3个月出现局部复发，予以激光治疗联合糖皮质激素及5－氟尿嘧啶等瘢痕内注射后明显缓解。 结论： 应用倒刺线对高张力创面进行章氏超减张缝合能够有效减小创缘张力，在较长时间内维持减张作用，术后切口瘢痕增生风险小。.