多硫化物
电解质
阳极
溶剂化
动力学
阴极
锂(药物)
化学
电池(电)
电极
化学工程
材料科学
无机化学
离子
物理化学
热力学
有机化学
医学
功率(物理)
物理
量子力学
工程类
内分泌学
作者
Zheng Li,Li‐Peng Hou,Nan Yao,Xi‐Yao Li,Zi‐Xian Chen,Xiang Chen,Qiang Zhang,Bo‐Quan Li,Xue‐Qiang Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202309968
摘要
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising due to ultrahigh theoretical energy density. However, their cycling lifespan is crucially affected by the electrode kinetics of lithium polysulfides. Herein, the polysulfide solvation structure is correlated with polysulfide electrode kinetics towards long-cycling Li-S batteries. The solvation structure derived from strong solvating power electrolyte induces fast anode kinetics and rapid anode failure, while that derived from weak solvating power electrolyte causes sluggish cathode kinetics and rapid capacity loss. By contrast, the solvation structure derived from medium solvating power electrolyte balances cathode and anode kinetics and improves the cycling performance of Li-S batteries. Li-S coin cells with ultra-thin Li anodes and high-S-loading cathodes deliver 146 cycles and a 338 Wh kg-1 pouch cell undergoes stable 30 cycles. This work clarifies the relationship between polysulfide solvation structure and electrode kinetics and inspires rational electrolyte design for long-cycling Li-S batteries.
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