Far-field steering of beams based on dynamic encoding metasurface

Programmable metasurfaces can realize dynamic control of electromagnetic waves. We propose a 1-bit programmable metasurface based on row-column-encoded dynamic control. The programmable metasurface encodes the cell structure with a sequence of row-column patterns, and controls the on–off of diodes via a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The proposed programmable metasurface can achieve a 180° phase change of the cell structure, and the reflectivity can reach more than 90 %. We experimentally fabricated the designed programmable metasurface and tested it for far-field scattering. When the incident electromagnetic wave frequency is 11.7 GHz, the programmable metasurface realizes the beam scanning function, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical results.