Antifouling applications and fabrications of biomimetic micro-structured surfaces: A review

Since the inception of the term "Biomimetics" in 1991, the concept of utilizing natural solutions or deriving inspiration from nature to address contemporary engineering challenges has gained significant attention within the scientific community. Organisms, in order to thrive in harsh environments, have evolved a wide range of micro/nanostructured surfaces, which serve as a rich source of inspiration for the development of artificial micro/nano-structured surfaces. These natural adaptations provide valuable insights and novel pathways for fabricating such surfaces.