Ceramic Nanofibers by Electrospinning Technique—A Review

Nanofibers are solid-state linear nanomaterials with diameters <100 nm, an aspect ratio >1000 and are characterized by high surface area to volume ratio. Nanofibers, due to their high surface area to volume ratio are potential candidates for a large number of applications such as separation of liquids and gases, as sensors, photovoltaic applications, insulation, ultrapurification of water, drug delivery etc. In recent years, electrospinning technique has been successfully used for the preparation of nanofibers. Initially, polymer nanofibers are prepared using this technique. Recently, this technique has also been successfully extended for the preparation of ceramic nanofibers. This paper reviews the electrospinning process, application of electrospinning process for the preparation of ceramic nanofibers and their possible applications.