Early-life stress affects the structural and functional plasticity of the medial prefrontal cortex in adolescent rats

前额叶皮质 长时程增强 神经科学 突触后密度 谷氨酸受体 突触可塑性 突触后电位 心理学 神经可塑性 焦虑 内科学 受体 医学 精神科 认知
作者
Agnieszka Chocyk,Bartosz Bobula,Dorota Dudys,Aleksandra Przyborowska,Iwona Majcher‐Maślanka,Grzegorz Hess,Krzysztof Wędzony
出处
期刊:European Journal of Neuroscience [Wiley]
卷期号:38 (1): 2089-2107 被引量:141
标识
DOI:10.1111/ejn.12208
摘要

Early life experiences are crucial factors that shape brain development and function due to their ability to induce structural and functional plasticity. Among these experiences, early-life stress (ELS) is known to interfere with brain development and maturation, increasing the risk of future psychopathologies, including depression, anxiety, and personality disorders. Moreover, ELS may contribute to the emergence of these psychopathologies during adolescence. In this present study, we investigated the effects of ELS, in the form of maternal separation (MS), on the structural and functional plasticity of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and anxiety-like behavior in adolescent male rats. We found that the MS procedure resulted in disturbances in mother–pup interactions that lasted until weaning and were most strongly demonstrated by increases in nursing behavior. Moreover, MS caused atrophy of the basal dendritic tree and reduced spine density on both the apical and basal dendrites in layer II/III pyramidal neurons of the mPFC. The structural changes were accompanied by an impairment of long-term potentiation processes and increased expression of key proteins, specifically glutamate receptor 1, glutamate receptor 2, postsynaptic density protein 95, αCa2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and αCa2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylated at residue Thr305, that are engaged in long-term potentiation induction and maintenance in the mPFC. We also found that the MS animals were more anxious in the light/dark exploration test. The results of this study indicate that ELS has a significant impact on the structural and functional plasticity of the mPFC in adolescents. ELS-induced adaptive plasticity may underlie the pathomechanisms of some early-onset psychopathologies observed in adolescents.
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