Spectral Dynamics Prior to Motor Events Differ Between NREM Sleep Parasomnias and Healthy Sleepers

梦游 嗜睡 唤醒 非快速眼动睡眠 脑电图 心理学 听力学 多导睡眠图 医学 神经科学 睡眠障碍 认知
作者
Anna Castelnovo,Greta Mainieri,Giuseppe Loddo,Spyros Balafas,Chiara Brombin,Giulia Balella,Angelica Montini,Clelia Di Serio,Mauro Manconi,Federica Provini
出处
期刊:Sleep [Oxford University Press]
标识
DOI:10.1093/sleep/zsae252
摘要

Abstract Study Objectives The umbrella term "Disorders of Arousal" (DoA), encompassing sleepwalking, confusional arousals, and sleep terrors, refers to parasomnias manifesting during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, commonly thought to arise from an aberrant arousal process. While previous studies have detailed EEG changes linked to DoA episodes, it remains uncertain how these alterations differ from a physiological arousal process. This study directly compared brain activity between DoA episodes and arousals associated with physiological movements (motor arousal) in individuals with DoA and healthy sleepers. Methods Fifty-three adult patients with DoA (25 males, 32.2±15.5years) and 33 control subjects (14 males, 31.4±11.4years) underwent one or more home-EEG recordings. A semiparametric regression model was employed to elucidate the complex relationship between EEG activity across channels, within and across different groups, including motor arousals in DoA (n=169), parasomnia episodes in DoA (n=361), and motor arousals in healthy sleepers (n=137). Results Parasomnia episodes and motor arousals in both groups were preceded by a diffuse increase in slow-wave activity (SWA) and beta power, and a widespread decrease in sigma power. However, motor arousals in DoA displayed lower beta and central sigma than in healthy sleepers. Within DoA patients, episodes were preceded by lower beta, frontal sigma, and higher SWA than motor arousals. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the arousal process is altered in DOA patients, and that specific EEG patterns are required for DOA episodes to emerge. These insights will help guide future research into the underlying circuits and objective markers of DOA.
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