核小体
生物
染色质
组蛋白
DNA
遗传学
连接器DNA
组蛋白甲基化
表观遗传学
计算生物学
DNA甲基化
组蛋白密码
表观遗传学
细胞生物学
基因组
基因
基因表达
作者
Eran Segal,Jonathan Widom
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tig.2009.06.002
摘要
The DNA of eukaryotic genomes is wrapped in nucleosomes, which strongly distort and occlude the DNA from access to most DNA-binding proteins. An understanding of the mechanisms that control nucleosome positioning along the DNA is thus essential to understanding the binding and action of proteins that carry out essential genetic functions. New genome-wide data on in vivo and in vitro nucleosome positioning greatly advance our understanding of several factors that can influence nucleosome positioning, including DNA sequence preferences, DNA methylation, histone variants and post-translational modifications, higher order chromatin structure, and the actions of transcription factors, chromatin remodelers and other DNA-binding proteins. We discuss how these factors function and ways in which they might be integrated into a unified framework that accounts for both the preservation of nucleosome positioning and the dynamic nucleosome repositioning that occur across biological conditions, cell types, developmental processes and disease.
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