Therapeutic effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors in a murine asthma model

To investigate the therapeutic effects of various HDAC inhibitors on the development of chronic allergic airway disease in mice with airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness.Wild-type BALB/C mice (N = 72).Tubastatin A HCl [TSA, a selective histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor], PCI-34051 (a selective HDAC8 inhibitor), and givinostat (a broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitor that inhibits class I and class II HDACs and several pro-inflammatory cytokines).Mice were divided into six groups: control, asthma, dexamethasone (positive control), TSA, PCI-34051, and givinostat (n = 12 per group). Twenty-four hours after OVA nebulization, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling were assessed.The chronic asthma mouse model produced typical airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Administration of PCI-34051 and dexamethasone reduced the eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma to reduce the airway remodeling. Treatment with Tubastatin A HCl reduced airway inflammation and was associated with decreased IL-4, IL-5 and total inflammatory cell count, as well as goblet cell metaplasia and subepithelial fibrosis; however, this outcome was not as effective as that with dexamethasone. TGF-β1 expression in the cytoplasm of airway epithelium of mice in the Tubastatin A HCl group was reduced and expression of α-SMA in the airway smooth muscle was also decreased.The results suggested that treatment with HDAC inhibitors can reduce airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness in chronic allergic airway disease in mice.