Drop impact phenomena and spray cooling on hot nanotextured surfaces of various architectures and dynamic wettability

润湿 材料科学 纳米技术 跌落冲击 热流密度 散热片 临界热流密度 电子设备冷却 冷却液 复合材料 下降(电信) 传热 蒸发冷却器 机械工程 机械 物理 工程类
作者
Chanwoo Park,Jaewoo Seol,Ali Aldalbahi,Mostafizur Rahaman,Alexander L. Yarin,Sam S. Yoon
出处
期刊:Physics of Fluids [American Institute of Physics]
卷期号:35 (2) 被引量:24
标识
DOI:10.1063/5.0139960
摘要

Spray cooling has been used to quench metal slabs during casting, cool nuclear reactors, suppress accidental fires, and remove heat from high-power density electronics. In particular, the miniaturization of electronic devices inevitably results in an increased power density or heat flux on the microelectronics surfaces and poses a threat of a thermal shutdown of such devices when cooling is insufficient. Surface nanotexturing effectively augments additional liquid-to-substrate surface area, thereby increasing cooling capability, as well as an effective heat transfer coefficient. In spray cooling, surface dynamic wettability also affects drop impact dynamics and subsequent coolant evaporation on a hot surface. Herein, we introduced various nanotextured surfaces and affected dynamic wettability using the so-called thorny-devil nanofibers, nickel nanocones, Teflon and titania nanoparticles, and zinc nanowires. The effect of these different nanoscale architectures on drop impact phenomena and subsequent evaporative cooling was investigated. These nanotextured surfaces were fabricated using various deposition methods, including electrospinning, electroplating, supersonic spraying, aerosol deposition, and chemical bath deposition. We found that the surface with greater dynamic wettability related to the hydrodynamic focusing considerably improved the heat removal capability by furthering the Leidenfrost limit and facilitating drop spreading. In particular, the thorny-devil nanofiber surface yielded the highest heat flux at all ranges of the Reynolds and Weber numbers. Spray cooling on a model electronic kit also confirmed that the thorny-devil nanofibers were most effective in cooling the surface of the model kit during multiple cycles of water spraying.
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