Biohybrid Robot Powered by Muscle Tissues

In this chapter, the recent developments of biohybrid robots composed of muscle and synthetic components are introduced. The chapter covers two major topics: (i) the preparation methods and characteristics of muscles usable as driving elements for biohybrid robots are discussed, and (ii) the actuation properties of the biohybrid robots are described. Finally, we summarize the overview and include a discussion of future directions of biohybrid robots.