Intraoperative Adverse Events, Technical Performance, and Surgical Outcomes in Laparoscopic Radical Surgery for Gastric Cancer

Objective: To verify an intraoperative adverse event (iAE) classification (ClassIntra grade) to evaluate quality control and to predict the prognostic performance of laparoscopic radical surgery for gastric cancer. Background: Surgical quality control is a key factor in the evaluation of surgical treatment for tumors. And, there is no recognized iAE classification for gastric cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective post hoc analysis of previously collected data from the FUGES-001 study (NCT02327481) and a subset of the CLASS-01 study (NCT01609309). Patients were classified into the iAE and non-iAE groups. And iAE was further classified into 5 subgrades according to the ClassIntra grade (with I–V severity categories). Technical performance was evaluated using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills tool and the Generic Error Rating Tool. Results: Overall, 528 gastric cancer patients were included in this study, with 105 patients (19.9%) in the iAE group and 423 (80.1%) in the non-iAE group. The survival curve showed that the overall, disease-specific, and recurrence-free survival of the non-iAE group were significantly better than those of the iAE group ( P =0.001). The prognosis of patients with ClassIntra grade ≥II was significantly worse than that of patients with ClassIntra grade ≤I. A higher ClassIntra grade, lower Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills score, and total gastrectomy were independent risk factors for severe postoperative complications. There was a significant increase in bleeding (grade IV) and injury with splenic hilar lymph node dissection during total gastrectomy. Conclusions: The ClassIntra grade is an effective prognostic and surgical quality control index for laparoscopic radical surgery for gastric cancer; therefore, it could be included in routine hospital care and surgical quality control.