A comprehensive review of the biomaterial-based multifunctional nanocarriers for therapeutic applications in breast cancer

Breast cancer is among the most dreadful malignancies in women causing the highest mortality across the globe. The prevalent therapies have not been able to be efficacious to the extent that they can be continued and thus are deemed unsafe and futile seeing the vigorousness of the metastatic and in situ ductal carcinomas. Among all other prevalent treatment strategies for BC management, the nanotechnological approaches have been comprehensively exploited due to them being the superior carriers for drug delivery. They are nanometric, offer tunable drug release profiles, and efficient organ targeting with combated side-effects. The biomaterial-based nanocarriers have been hugely exploited due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and them being excellent candidates for pharmaceutical and biomedical implementations. In this review, all the state of the art of over a decade of biomaterial-based nanoplatforms fabricated for breast cancer management will be exhaustively condensed and explored. Following this, different kinds of natural and synthetic biomaterials used for the delivery of varied chemotherapeutics will be summarized. This review provides a piece of illustrative information on the outcomes procured concerning the method of preparation, physicochemical characteristics of the fabricated bionanomaterial, the in vitro drug release profile consulting to the mechanism of the drug release, the cancer cell line and animal model used in the in vitro and in vivo study will be covered. Other key aspects conferring to the PK-PD profile, tumour internalization, tumour volume reduction, the bioavailability accomplished and the antitumor activity will be explored vividly. There is a complete overview of the related clinical trials added which will depict the clinical and commercial landscape of such formulations in a tabular form. This review spotlights the present-day and subsequent scenario of biomaterial-based nanocarriers for breast cancer therapy.