Effects of Perception of Potential Risk in Generative AI on Attitudes and Intention to Use

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing, offering numerous benefits to society while presenting unforeseen potential risks. This study aims to identify these potential risks through a comprehensive literature review and investigate how user’s perceptions of risk factors influence their attitudes and intentions to use generative AI technologies. Specifically, we examined the impact of four key risk factors: fake news generation, trust, bias, and privacy concerns. Our analysis of data collected from experienced generative AI users yielded several significant findings: First, users' perceptions of fake news generation by generative AI were found to have a significant negative impact on their attitudes towards these technologies. Second, user trust in generative AI positively influenced both attitudes toward and intentions to use these technologies. Third, users' awareness of potential biases in generative AI systems was shown to affect their attitudes towards these technologies negatively. Fourth, while users' privacy concerns regarding generative AI did not significantly impact their usage intentions directly, these concerns negatively influenced their overall attitudes toward the technology. Fifth, users' attitudes towards generative AI influenced their intentions to use these technologies positively. Based on the above results, to increase the intention to use generated artificial intelligence, legal, institutional, and technical countermeasures should be prepared for fake news generation, trust issues, bias, and privacy concerns while improving users' negative perceptions through literacy education on generated artificial intelligence, and education that can be used desirable and efficiently.