RNA剪接
选择性拼接
外显子
内含子
外显子跳跃
小基因
外显子剪接增强剂
生物
剪接
遗传学
剪接位点突变
拼接因子
细胞生物学
计算生物学
基因
核糖核酸
作者
Nor Hakimah Ab Hakim,Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis,Hitoshi Suzuki,Toshifumi Tsukahara
出处
期刊:BioScience Trends
[International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement]
日期:2017-01-01
卷期号:11 (1): 16-22
被引量:11
标识
DOI:10.5582/bst.2016.01169
摘要
During pre-mRNA splicing events, introns are removed from the pre-mRNA, and the remaining exons are connected together to form a single continuous molecule. Alternative splicing is a common mechanism for the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. More than 90% of human genes are known to undergo alternative splicing. The most common type of alternative splicing is exon skipping, which is also known as cassette exon. Other known alternative splicing events include alternative 5′ splice sites, alternative 3′ splice sites, intron retention, and mutually exclusive exons. Alternative splicing events are controlled by regulatory proteins responsible for both positive and negative regulation. In this review, we focus on neuronal splicing regulators and discuss several notable regulators in depth. In addition, we have also included an example of splicing regulation mediated by the RBFox protein family. Lastly, as previous studies have shown that a number of splicing factors are associated with neuronal diseases such as Alzheime's disease (AD) and Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), here we consider their importance in neuronal diseases wherein the underlying mechanisms have yet to be elucidated.
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